Article I court. 1. See legislative court under COURT. 2. A type of federal legislative court that is not bound by the requirements of or protected under U.S. Const. art. III, § 2, and that performs functions similar to those of an administrative agency, such as issuing advisory opinions. U.S. Const. art. I, § 8. […]
Article III Court. A federal court that, deriving its jurisdiction from U.S. Const. art. III, § 2, hears cases arising under the Constitution and the laws and treaties of the United States, cases in which the United States is a party, and cases between the states and between citizens of different states. — Also termed
Court of Inquiry (1)〈英〉(军事)调查法庭 经国王授权、由海军或空军当局任命、调查事实以确定对某人或某些人提起诉讼或采取惩戒措施是否适当的法庭，也审理士兵个人的一些诉讼。 (2)〈美〉(军事)调查法庭 经总统授权、依据《军法条例》〔Articles of War〕规定而组成的，有权应任何军官或士兵之请求就他们之间的交易〔transaction〕或对他们提出的指控〔accusation〕、诋毁〔imputation〕进行定性调查的法庭。严格地说，它不能算作一个法庭，它只是一个依据制定法规定调查事实并作出报告的机构，不能审判和决定罪名是否成立，不能强迫证人出席也不能要求证人作证。在得克萨斯州〔Texas〕，县、区法院的法官也可要求对有关某一罪行的证据进行事前调查，召集成立一个调查法庭。
Article III judge. A U.S. Supreme Court, Court of Appeals, or District Court judge appointed for life under Article III of the U.S. Constitution. [Cases: Judges 1. C.J.S. Judges §§ 2–7.]
articles of the eyre (air). Hist. A series of questions put to the members of a community by the justices in eyre to discover what breaches of the law had occurred during the court’s absence. • The inquiry enabled the justices to fine criminal behavior and to raise revenue for the Crown through the levying
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Articles of the Clergy. Hist. A statute enacted in 1315 to settle the jurisdictions of the ecclesiastical and temporal courts. — Also termed Articuli Cleri.
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Court of Customs and Patent Appeals. Hist. An Article III court created in 1929 to hear appeals in customs and patent cases. • This court was abolished in 1982 and was superseded by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. — Abbr. CCPA. See UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FEDERAL CIRCUIT
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Judicial Article 〈美〉司法条款 指《美国宪法》的第三条，该条创设了美国最高法院〔U.S. Supreme Court〕，授权国会设立下级法院，规定联邦法院法官的终身任期制，明确了联邦法院的权力及其管辖权范围。
court-martial, n. An ad hoc military court convened under military authority to try someone accused of violating the Uniform Code of Military Justice, particularly a member of the armed forces. [Cases: Armed Services 42; Military Justice 870–898. C.J.S. Armed Services § 166; Military Justice §§ 13, 138–158.] Pl. courts-martial. — court-martial, vb. “[C]ourts-martial are not
article, n. 1. Generally, a particular item or thing (article of clothing). proprietary article. (often pl.) A product manufactured under an exclusive right to sell it. 2. A separate and distinct part (as a clause or stipulation) of a writing, esp. in a contract, statute, or constitution (Article III). 3. (pl.) An instrument containing a